Paediatric ACL Reconstruction
Introduction
ACL injuries are becoming increasingly common in children who play sports. The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is one of the most important ligaments in the knee and is essential for stability and movement. When it is torn or ruptured, it can lead to pain, swelling, and instability. These injuries can lead to long-term complications such as instability, cartilage damage, and meniscal tears. Fortunately, ACL reconstruction surgery can improve outcomes for children with ACL injuries.
Signs and symptoms of ACL injury in children
Children who have suffered an ACL injury may experience pain, swelling, and instability in the knee. They may also have a reduced range of motion, difficulty walking or standing, and feel that their knee is giving way. These symptoms may be similar to those experienced by adults, but they can be harder to identify in children. As a result, it is important to seek medical attention if you suspect your child may have an ACL injury.
Diagnosis of ACL injury in children
A physical examination, combined with imaging tests such as an MRI, can help to diagnose ACL rupture accurately. An accurate diagnosis is important because it will guide the treatment plan.
Paediatric ACL reconstruction
Paediatric ACL reconstruction is a surgical procedure that aims to reconstruct the ACL using a graft. The graft is taken from the patient's own tissue or from a donor. The procedure is performed under general anesthesia and usually takes between one and two hours to complete. Mr Pai will use an arthroscope to view the inside of the knee and make small incisions to insert instruments and the graft.
While this procedure is generally safe and effective, it is important to be aware of the potential risks and complications, including the risk of growth plate injury.
Growth plates are areas of developing cartilage at the ends of bones in children and adolescents. They are responsible for bone growth and play a crucial role in the development of the musculoskeletal system. Because they are still growing and developing, growth plates are more susceptible to injury than other parts of the bone.
During ACL reconstruction surgery, bone tunnels are made to allow passage for the ACL graft. Sometimes, these tunnels need to cross the growth plate, causing injury. The risk of growth plate injury during paediatric ACL reconstruction is relatively low, but it is essential to know the potential risks. A growth plate injury can result in bone deformity, growth abnormalities, and other long-term complications.
To minimize the risk of growth plate injury during paediatric ACL reconstruction, surgeons may use techniques such as smaller incisions, careful manipulation of the bones, and appropriate selection of graft material. They may also closely monitor the patient's progress after surgery to identify potential complications.
Recovery and rehabilitation
Following surgery, your child will stay in the hospital for one or two nights, depending on their age and overall health. Pain management will be provided during their stay, and they will be given post-surgery instructions to follow at home. Your child must avoid sports and other strenuous activities for several months. Physical therapy and rehabilitation will be an essential part of their recovery process and will help them to regain strength, flexibility, and stability in the knee.
Many children who suffer ACL injuries are active and enjoy sports. ACL reconstruction surgery can allow them to return to sports and other physical activities with greater confidence and stability. Studies have shown that children who undergo ACL reconstruction are more likely to return to sports at pre-injury levels than those who do not have the surgery.
Children who have suffered an ACL injury are at higher risk of reinjury if they return to sports too soon or without proper rehabilitation. ACL reconstruction surgery can help to reduce this risk by providing a stable knee joint and allowing the child to regain strength and range of motion before returning to sports. Children can safely and effectively return to sports after ACL reconstruction surgery with appropriate rehabilitation. In addition, preventing future ACL injuries will be an important focus of their ongoing care.